Widget调用四大组件

Widget基本使用

1. 编写布局文件

   src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
   <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
       xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
       android:layout_width="wrap_content"
       android:layout_height="wrap_content"
       android:background="@color/gray"
       android:padding="@dimen/widget_margin"
       tools:context=".component.MainProcessActivity">
   
   
       <TextView
           android:id="@+id/tvService"
           android:layout_width="wrap_content"
           android:layout_height="wrap_content"
           android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
           android:text="Service"
           android:textSize="10sp"
           android:textStyle="bold" />
   
       <TextView
           android:id="@+id/tvServiceFromGetBroadcast"
           android:layout_width="wrap_content"
           android:layout_height="wrap_content"
           android:layout_below="@+id/tvService"
           android:text="getBroadcast()收到广播后创建"
           android:textSize="10sp" />
   
   
       <LinearLayout
           android:id="@+id/llSerFromBroadcast"
           android:layout_width="wrap_content"
           android:layout_height="wrap_content"
           android:layout_below="@+id/tvServiceFromGetBroadcast"
           android:orientation="horizontal">
   
           <Button
               android:id="@+id/btnSerWidgetFromBroad"
               android:layout_width="wrap_content"
               android:layout_height="wrap_content"
               android:text="Widget进程"
               android:textSize="10sp" />
   
   
           <Button
               android:id="@+id/btnSerMainFromBroad"
               android:layout_width="wrap_content"
               android:layout_height="wrap_content"
               android:layout_marginStart="2dp"
               android:text="主进程"
               android:textSize="10sp" />
       </LinearLayout>
   
   </RelativeLayout>
   

2. 编写AppWidgetProviderInfo

   src/main/res/xml/widget_test_info.xml

   <appwidget-provider xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
       android:initialLayout="@layout/activity_main"
       android:minWidth="150dp"
       android:minHeight="300dp"
       android:previewImage="@drawable/preview"
       android:resizeMode="horizontal|vertical"
       android:updatePeriodMillis="2000"
       android:widgetCategory="home_screen"
       >
   
   </appwidget-provider>
   

3. 实现AppWidgetProvider

   src/main/java/com/miui/widgettest/TestAppWidgetProvider.kt

   class TestAppWidgetProvider : AppWidgetProvider() {
       override fun onUpdate(
           context: Context?,
           appWidgetManager: AppWidgetManager?,
           appWidgetIds: IntArray?
       ) {
       }
   
       override fun onReceive(context: Context?, intent: Intent?) {
           super.onReceive(context, intent)
           Log.i("TAG", "onReceive: ${intent.toString()}")
   
       }
   }
   

4. 在manifests清单中声明

   src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

           <receiver android:name="TestAppWidgetProvider">
               <intent-filter>
                   <action android:name="android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE" />
               </intent-filter>
               <meta-data
                   android:name="android.appwidget.provider"
                   android:resource="@xml/widget_test_info" />
           </receiver>
   

四大组件基本使用

Activity

相关知识查看Activity启动模式的文章

1. 通信

   第一个Activity：startActivityForResult()启动、onResult() 接收结果

   第二个Activity： setResult()

Service

1. 创建使用

   • 实现IntentService

     src/main/java/com/miui/widgettest/component/MainProcessService.kt

     class MainProcessService : IntentService(MainProcessService::class.simpleName) {
     
         private val TAG = javaClass.simpleName
         override fun onHandleIntent(intent: Intent?) {
             Toast.makeText(this, "MainProcessService", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
             Log.i(TAG, "onHandleIntent: MainProcessService")
         }
     }
     

   • 在清单文件中声明

             <service android:name=".component.MainProcessService" />
     

   • 使用

     startService(Intent(context, MainProcessService::class.java))
     

2. 生命周期

   ​

Broadcast

1. 创建使用

   • 定义广播Action常量

     src/main/java/com/miui/widgettest/CONST.kt

     package com.miui.widgettest
     
     interface CONST {
         interface ACTION {
             companion object {
                 // 拉起 Activity
                 const val MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION =
                     "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION"
                 const val WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION =
                     "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION"
     
                 // 使用 Provider
                 const val MAIN_PROCESS_PROVIDER_ACTION =
                     "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_PROVIDER_ACTION"
                 const val WIDGET_PROCESS_PROVIDER_ACTION =
                     "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_PROVIDER_ACTION"
     
     
                 // 启动 Service 广播
                 const val MAIN_PROCESS_SERVICE_ACTION =
                     "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_SERVICE_ACTION"
                 const val WIDGET_PROCESS_SERVICE_ACTION =
                     "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_SERVICE_ACTION"
     
                 // 拉起 BroadcastReceiver
                 const val MAIN_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION =
                     "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION"
                 const val WIDGET_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION =
                     "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION"
     
     
                 // getBroadcast触发后再发起的广播
                 const val WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTION = "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTION"
                 const val MAIN_PROCESS_ACTION = "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTION"
     
     
             }
         }
     }
     

   • 实现 BroadcastReceiver

     class MainProcessBroadcastReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() {
         private val TAG = MainProcessBroadcastReceiver::class.simpleName
         override fun onReceive(context: Context?, intent: Intent?) {
             Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: ")
             Toast.makeText(context, "MainProcessBroadcastReceiver", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
         }
     }
     

   • 注册广播

     1. 静态注册

                <receiver android:name=".component.MainProcessBroadcastReceiver">
                    <intent-filter>
                        <action android:name="widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTION" />
                    </intent-filter>
                </receiver>
        

     2. 上下文注册

                val br = MainProcessBroadcastReceiver()
                val intentFilter = IntentFilter(CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION)
                registerReceiver(br, intentFilter)
        

   • 发起广播

     Android O之后广播Intent得指定ComponentName

     val intentBroadcast = Intent(CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTION).apply {
         component = ComponentName(
             context!!.packageName,
             MainProcessBroadcastReceiver::class.java.name
         )
     }
     context?.sendBroadcast(intentBroadcast)
     

ContentProvider

1. 创建使用

   • 实现 ContentProvider

     private val TAG = MainProcessProvider::class.java.simpleName
     
     class MainProcessProvider : ContentProvider() {
     
     
         override fun onCreate(): Boolean {
             return true
         }
     
         override fun query(
             uri: Uri,
             projection: Array<out String>?,
             selection: String?,
             selectionArgs: Array<out String>?,
             sortOrder: String?
         ): Cursor? {
             return null
         }
     
         override fun getType(uri: Uri): String? {
             return "image/jpeg"
         }
     
         override fun insert(uri: Uri, values: ContentValues?): Uri? {
             Log.i(TAG, "insert: $TAG")
             Toast.makeText(WidgetApplication.context, "MainProcessProvider", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
             return uri
         }
     
         override fun delete(uri: Uri, selection: String?, selectionArgs: Array<out String>?): Int {
             return 1
         }
     
         override fun update(
             uri: Uri,
             values: ContentValues?,
             selection: String?,
             selectionArgs: Array<out String>?
         ): Int {
             return 1
         }
     }
     

   • 在 清单中注册

             <provider
                 android:name=".component.MainProcessProvider"
                 android:authorities="com.miui.widgettest"
                 android:enabled="true"
                 android:exported="true"
                 android:permission="true" />
     

   • 使用

                     // 通过ContentResolver 根据URI 向ContentProvider中插入数据
                     try {
                         context?.contentResolver?.insert(
                             Uri.parse("content://com.miui.widgettest/emmm"),
                             ContentValues()
                         )
                     } catch (e: Exception) {
                         Log.e("TestAppWidgetProvider", " ${e.message}", e)
                     }
     

Widget调用四大组件

都是在AppWidgetProvider里onUpdate设置好

直接调用

在添加Widget添加时直接设置好点击操作

1. Activity

          appWidgetIds?.forEach { appWidgetId ->
               // 不同case的pendingIntent
               // 直接启动activity
               val mpActPendingIntent =
                   Intent(context, MainProcessActivity::class.java).let { intent ->
                       PendingIntent.getActivity(context, 0, intent, 0)
                   }
   
               // 设置监听事件
               val views: RemoteViews = RemoteViews(
                   context?.packageName,
                   R.layout.activity_main
               ).apply {
                   // activity 监听器
                   setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.btnActMainFromActivity, mpActPendingIntent)
               }
   
               appWidgetManager?.updateAppWidget(appWidgetId, views)
   

2. Service

   跟Activity类似

               val mpSerPendingIntent = Intent(context, MainProcessService::class.java).let {
                   PendingIntent.getService(context, 0, it, 0)
               }
   

收到广播后调用

与直接调用不用， 这里都是getBroadcast方式收到广播后再调起

1. Activity

   • 设置action常量

                 // 拉起 Activity
                 const val MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION =
                     "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION"
                 const val WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION =
                     "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION"
     

   • 清单中 appWidgetProvider 添加action

             <receiver android:name="TestAppWidgetProvider">
                 <intent-filter>
                     <action android:name="android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE" />
     
     
                     <action android:name="widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION" />
                     <action android:name="widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION" />
     
                 </intent-filter>
                 <meta-data
                     android:name="android.appwidget.provider"
                     android:resource="@xml/widget_test_info" />
             </receiver>
     

   • AppWidgetProvider 设置广播触发与回调

     src/main/java/com/miui/widgettest/TestAppWidgetProvider.kt

         private fun getPendingIntent(context: Context?, action: String): PendingIntent {
             return Intent(action).apply {
                 component = ComponentName(
                     context!!.packageName,
                     this@TestAppWidgetProvider::class.java.name
                 )
             }.let {
                 PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, it, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT)
             }
         }
     
                 // onUpdate 方法里面设置 activity pendingIntent
                 val mpActPiFromGetBroadcast =
                     getPendingIntent(context, CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION)
     
                     setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.btnActMainFromBroad, mpActPiFromGetBroadcast)
     
     		// onReceive方法设置回调
             when (intent?.action) {
                 CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION -> {
                     context?.startActivity(
                         Intent(
                             context, MainProcessActivity::class.java
                         ).apply { addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK) })
                 }
             }
     

2. Service

               CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_SERVICE_ACTION -> {
                   context?.startService(Intent(context, MainProcessService::class.java))
               }
   

3. Provider

               CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_PROVIDER_ACTION -> {
                   // 通过ContentResolver 根据URI 向ContentProvider中插入数据
                   try {
                       context?.contentResolver?.insert(
                           Uri.parse("content://com.miui.widgettest/emmm"),
                           ContentValues()
                       )
                   } catch (e: Exception) {
                       Log.e("TestAppWidgetProvider", " ${e.message}", e)
                   }
               }
   

4. Broadcast Receiver

               CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION -> {
                   val intentBroadcast = Intent(CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTION).apply {
                       component = ComponentName(
                           context!!.packageName,
                           MainProcessBroadcastReceiver::class.java.name
                       )
                   }
                   context?.sendBroadcast(intentBroadcast)
               }