Widget调用四大组件

Android 其它

编写布局文件

src/main/res/layout/activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="@color/gray"
    android:padding="@dimen/widget_margin"
    tools:context=".component.MainProcessActivity">


    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvService"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:text="Service"
        android:textSize="10sp"
        android:textStyle="bold" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvServiceFromGetBroadcast"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/tvService"
        android:text="getBroadcast()收到广播后创建"
        android:textSize="10sp" />


    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/llSerFromBroadcast"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/tvServiceFromGetBroadcast"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btnSerWidgetFromBroad"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Widget进程"
            android:textSize="10sp" />


        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btnSerMainFromBroad"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginStart="2dp"
            android:text="主进程"
            android:textSize="10sp" />
    </LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

编写AppWidgetProviderInfo

src/main/res/xml/widget_test_info.xml

<appwidget-provider xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:initialLayout="@layout/activity_main"
    android:minWidth="150dp"
    android:minHeight="300dp"
    android:previewImage="@drawable/preview"
    android:resizeMode="horizontal|vertical"
    android:updatePeriodMillis="2000"
    android:widgetCategory="home_screen"
    >

</appwidget-provider>

实现AppWidgetProvider

src/main/java/com/miui/widgettest/TestAppWidgetProvider.kt

class TestAppWidgetProvider : AppWidgetProvider() {
    override fun onUpdate(
        context: Context?,
        appWidgetManager: AppWidgetManager?,
        appWidgetIds: IntArray?
    ) {
    }

    override fun onReceive(context: Context?, intent: Intent?) {
        super.onReceive(context, intent)
        Log.i("TAG", "onReceive: ${intent.toString()}")

    }
}

在manifests清单中声明

src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

        <receiver android:name="TestAppWidgetProvider">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE" />
            </intent-filter>
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.appwidget.provider"
                android:resource="@xml/widget_test_info" />
        </receiver>

四大组件基本使用

Activity

相关知识查看Activity启动模式的文章

通信

第一个Activity：startActivityForResult()启动、onResult() 接收结果

第二个Activity： setResult()

Service

创建使用

实现IntentService

src/main/java/com/miui/widgettest/component/MainProcessService.kt

class MainProcessService : IntentService(MainProcessService::class.simpleName) {

    private val TAG = javaClass.simpleName
    override fun onHandleIntent(intent: Intent?) {
        Toast.makeText(this, "MainProcessService", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
        Log.i(TAG, "onHandleIntent: MainProcessService")
    }
}

在清单文件中声明

        <service android:name=".component.MainProcessService" />

使用

startService(Intent(context, MainProcessService::class.java))

生命周期

Broadcast

创建使用

定义广播Action常量

src/main/java/com/miui/widgettest/CONST.kt

package com.miui.widgettest

interface CONST {
    interface ACTION {
        companion object {
            // 拉起 Activity
            const val MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION =
                "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION"
            const val WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION =
                "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION"

            // 使用 Provider
            const val MAIN_PROCESS_PROVIDER_ACTION =
                "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_PROVIDER_ACTION"
            const val WIDGET_PROCESS_PROVIDER_ACTION =
                "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_PROVIDER_ACTION"


            // 启动 Service 广播
            const val MAIN_PROCESS_SERVICE_ACTION =
                "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_SERVICE_ACTION"
            const val WIDGET_PROCESS_SERVICE_ACTION =
                "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_SERVICE_ACTION"

            // 拉起 BroadcastReceiver
            const val MAIN_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION =
                "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION"
            const val WIDGET_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION =
                "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION"


            // getBroadcast触发后再发起的广播
            const val WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTION = "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTION"
            const val MAIN_PROCESS_ACTION = "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTION"


        }
    }
}

实现 BroadcastReceiver

class MainProcessBroadcastReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() {
    private val TAG = MainProcessBroadcastReceiver::class.simpleName
    override fun onReceive(context: Context?, intent: Intent?) {
        Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: ")
        Toast.makeText(context, "MainProcessBroadcastReceiver", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
    }
}

注册广播

静态注册

        <receiver android:name=".component.MainProcessBroadcastReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTION" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

上下文注册

        val br = MainProcessBroadcastReceiver()
        val intentFilter = IntentFilter(CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION)
        registerReceiver(br, intentFilter)

发起广播

Android O之后广播Intent得指定ComponentName

val intentBroadcast = Intent(CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTION).apply {
    component = ComponentName(
        context!!.packageName,
        MainProcessBroadcastReceiver::class.java.name
    )
}
context?.sendBroadcast(intentBroadcast)

ContentProvider

创建使用

实现 ContentProvider

private val TAG = MainProcessProvider::class.java.simpleName

class MainProcessProvider : ContentProvider() {


    override fun onCreate(): Boolean {
        return true
    }

    override fun query(
        uri: Uri,
        projection: Array<out String>?,
        selection: String?,
        selectionArgs: Array<out String>?,
        sortOrder: String?
    ): Cursor? {
        return null
    }

    override fun getType(uri: Uri): String? {
        return "image/jpeg"
    }

    override fun insert(uri: Uri, values: ContentValues?): Uri? {
        Log.i(TAG, "insert: $TAG")
        Toast.makeText(WidgetApplication.context, "MainProcessProvider", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
        return uri
    }

    override fun delete(uri: Uri, selection: String?, selectionArgs: Array<out String>?): Int {
        return 1
    }

    override fun update(
        uri: Uri,
        values: ContentValues?,
        selection: String?,
        selectionArgs: Array<out String>?
    ): Int {
        return 1
    }
}

在清单中注册

        <provider
            android:name=".component.MainProcessProvider"
            android:authorities="com.miui.widgettest"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true"
            android:permission="true" />

使用

                // 通过ContentResolver 根据URI 向ContentProvider中插入数据
                try {
                    context?.contentResolver?.insert(
                        Uri.parse("content://com.miui.widgettest/emmm"),
                        ContentValues()
                    )
                } catch (e: Exception) {
                    Log.e("TestAppWidgetProvider", " ${e.message}", e)
                }

都是在AppWidgetProvider里onUpdate设置好

直接调用

在添加Widget添加时直接设置好点击操作

Activity

       appWidgetIds?.forEach { appWidgetId ->
            // 不同case的pendingIntent
            // 直接启动activity
            val mpActPendingIntent =
                Intent(context, MainProcessActivity::class.java).let { intent ->
                    PendingIntent.getActivity(context, 0, intent, 0)
                }

            // 设置监听事件
            val views: RemoteViews = RemoteViews(
                context?.packageName,
                R.layout.activity_main
            ).apply {
                // activity 监听器
                setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.btnActMainFromActivity, mpActPendingIntent)
            }

            appWidgetManager?.updateAppWidget(appWidgetId, views)

Service

跟Activity类似

            val mpSerPendingIntent = Intent(context, MainProcessService::class.java).let {
                PendingIntent.getService(context, 0, it, 0)
            }

收到广播后调用

与直接调用不用，这里都是getBroadcast方式收到广播后再调起

Activity

设置action常量

            // 拉起 Activity
            const val MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION =
                "widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION"
            const val WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION =
                "widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION"

清单中 appWidgetProvider 添加action

        <receiver android:name="TestAppWidgetProvider">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE" />


                <action android:name="widgettest.broadcast.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION" />
                <action android:name="widgettest.broadcast.WIDGET_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION" />

            </intent-filter>
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.appwidget.provider"
                android:resource="@xml/widget_test_info" />
        </receiver>

AppWidgetProvider 设置广播触发与回调

src/main/java/com/miui/widgettest/TestAppWidgetProvider.kt

    private fun getPendingIntent(context: Context?, action: String): PendingIntent {
        return Intent(action).apply {
            component = ComponentName(
                context!!.packageName,
                this@TestAppWidgetProvider::class.java.name
            )
        }.let {
            PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, it, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT)
        }
    }

            // onUpdate 方法里面设置 activity pendingIntent
            val mpActPiFromGetBroadcast =
                getPendingIntent(context, CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION)

                setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.btnActMainFromBroad, mpActPiFromGetBroadcast)

		// onReceive方法设置回调
        when (intent?.action) {
            CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTIVITY_ACTION -> {
                context?.startActivity(
                    Intent(
                        context, MainProcessActivity::class.java
                    ).apply { addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK) })
            }
        }

Service

            CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_SERVICE_ACTION -> {
                context?.startService(Intent(context, MainProcessService::class.java))
            }

Provider

            CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_PROVIDER_ACTION -> {
                // 通过ContentResolver 根据URI 向ContentProvider中插入数据
                try {
                    context?.contentResolver?.insert(
                        Uri.parse("content://com.miui.widgettest/emmm"),
                        ContentValues()
                    )
                } catch (e: Exception) {
                    Log.e("TestAppWidgetProvider", " ${e.message}", e)
                }
            }

Broadcast Receiver

            CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_BROADCAST_RECEIVER_ACTION -> {
                val intentBroadcast = Intent(CONST.ACTION.MAIN_PROCESS_ACTION).apply {
                    component = ComponentName(
                        context!!.packageName,
                        MainProcessBroadcastReceiver::class.java.name
                    )
                }
                context?.sendBroadcast(intentBroadcast)
            }

如果觉得文章对你有用，请随意赞赏

Widget调用四大组件

https://blog.xlxs.top/archives/w-i-d-g-e-t-diao-yong-si-da-zu-jian

作者

围巾🧣

发布于

2021-07-17

更新于

2022-10-26

许可协议

CC BY 4.0

Widget调用四大组件

Widget基本使用

四大组件基本使用

Activity

Service

Broadcast

ContentProvider